I am writing to express my serious concern about the potential impacts of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act.
According to a preliminary analysis released on May 20, 2025, by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) and the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT), the distributional effects of this legislation would not be evenly distributed among U.S. households.
While CBO estimates that U.S. households, on average, would see an increase in the resources provided to them by the government over the 2026–2034 period if the bill was enacted, this average masks significant inequality. The analysis estimates that resources would decrease for households in the lowest decile (tenth) of the income distribution, whereas resources would increase for households in the highest decile.
The CBO estimates the impact on the lowest decile to be a decrease in household resources equal to about 2 percent of income in 2027 and 4 percent in 2033. This decrease is mainly a result of losses of in-kind transfers, such as Medicaid and SNAP.
In contrast, the CBO estimates the impact on the highest decile to be an increase in household resources equal to 4 percent of income in 2027 and 2 percent in 2033. This increase is mainly because of reductions in the taxes they owe. The distributional effects are expected to vary throughout the 10-year projection period as different components are phased in and out.
The CBO analysis highlights several major components contributing to these estimated effects over the 2026–2034 period:
• $698 billion less in federal subsidies from changes to the Medicaid program. CBO allocated changes to Medicaid to program participants who would lose benefits and to healthcare providers.
• $267 billion less in federal spending for SNAP. Changes to SNAP were allocated to program participants. CBO also accounted for state spending changes related to SNAP, including increases from matching requirements and decreases to household income from how states finance additional payments.
• An estimated increase in the federal deficit of $3.8 trillion attributable to tax changes, which includes extending provisions of the 2017 tax act. CBO's analysis incorporates tax estimates and their distributional effects provided by JCT staff.
These findings indicate that the bill, based on the CBO's preliminary analysis, would disproportionately harm low-income families by cutting essential programs like Medicaid and SNAP, while benefiting high-income families through tax reductions. The analysis combines four channels through which household resources would be affected: Federal Taxes and Cash Transfers, Federal and State In-Kind Benefits, State Financing, and Other Spending and Revenue.
I urge you to vote against the One Big Beautiful Bill Act in its current form, or to work towards significant amendments, based on this CBO analysis which shows it would reduce resources for the poorest Americans while increasing them for the wealthiest.