1. United States
2. N.Y.
3. Letter

I. Tyranny over the People of the United States: Devolving American Democracy into Authoritarianism Donald J Trump, President of the United States, has, by his actions and statements, sought to establish himself as tyrant, dictator, and autocrat over the People of the United States, usurping unto himself the constitutional powers of Congress, the courts, and the States, and powers illegitimate and beyond the scope of lawful government altogether. He has claimed for himself absolute and arbitrary power, the ability to suspend laws at whim, and utterly disregarded and betrayed his oath to faithfully execute the office of President of the United States and to preserve, protect, and defend the Constitution of the United States. He has denied and violated the right of the People of the United States to free and fair elections, including by bribery of voters, fraud and extortion of election officials, harassment and intimidation of election workers, and unconstitutionally ordering interference with the lawful administration of elections. He has denied and violated the right of the People of the United States to freedom of speech, and of assembly, and to petition the government for redress of grievances, by embarking on a wide-ranging censorship campaign to punish his political opponents, chill opposition, and illegally retaliate against constitutionally protected speech, association, and expression. He has denied and violated the right of the People of the United States to due process of law and equal protection of the laws, to fair and impartial independent courts, and to legal counsel as secured by the Fifth and Sixth Amendments. On his first day in office, the President violated his oath to support and defend the Constitution by signing a blatantly unconstitutional executive order that denies the plain-language text of the 14th amendment and abolishes birthright citizenship. By these actions and others, Donald J. Trump has demonstrated that his character is marked by every act which may define a tyrant, and thus he is unfit to the government of a free People. Donald J. Trump has acted in a manner contrary to his trust as President and his oath to the Constitution of the United States, and has committed the High Crime and Misdemeanor of attempting to establish himself as a lawless tyrant, to the manifest injury of the people and the security of the United States. Wherefore Donald J. Trump by such conduct, warrant impeachment and trial, removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States. II: Tyranny over the Government of the United States: Usurpation of powers and failing to uphold the Constitution. Donald J. Trump has acted as a tyrant over the government of the United States, disregarding the separation of powers, usurping powers, and failing to uphold the Constitution. Donald J. Trump has sought to intimidate and coerce, by means including the threat of unlawful prosecutions and by encouraging violence and threats of violence, the Representatives and Senators in Congress. These threats of violence include both incitement to insurrection on January 6, 2021 during his first term, and statements of violence directed at sitting members of Congress urging military members to refuse illegal orders as is required by the Law of War Manual and the UCMJ. They further include abuse of the executive branch agencies to pursue spurious investigations into members of the opposition party (1, 2). He has denied and violated the separation of powers and the Constitution’s system of checks and balances, arrogating unto himself the legislative and judicial powers, including the power of Congress to levy taxes (3), appropriate public funds (4), direct the organization of officers and agencies of the executive branch (5), and to make laws. He has sought to intimidate, coerce, and extort the officers of the several States, including those elected by the People thereof, and thereby sought to commandeer the several States, in violation of their sovereignty and the system of federalism established by the Constitution of the United States. He has repeatedly and openly stated he intends to violate the presidential term limits established by the Twenty-Second Amendment, and adopted overtly monarchical aspirations and affectations, including by invocation and endorsement of theories that he is above the law or that his personal will constitutes the law. He has shown, beyond a reasonable doubt, his continuance in office is wholly incompatible with maintaining the Constitution of the United States as the supreme law of the land. He manifests daily his hostility and betrayal toward the rule of law, the sovereignty of the People, and any limits or constraints on his own power. He has sought to replace, in purpose and effect, the sacred oath of loyalty to the Constitution with an oath of loyalty to himself personally, and to his absolute, unchecked, despotic power. In all of this, Donald J. Trump has acted in a manner contrary to his trust as President and his oath to the Constitution of the United States, and has committed the High Crime and Misdemeanor of attempting to establish himself as a lawless tyrant, to the manifest injury of the people and the security of the United States. Wherefore Donald J. Trump by such conduct, warrant impeachment and trial, removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust, or profit under the United States. III. Tyranny as Foreign Policy: Destroying the International Rules-Based Order The Constitution vests in Congress alone the power to declare war and to determine the Nation’s entry into armed conflict as a safeguard against unilateral executive war making. In his conduct as President of the United States, Donald J. Trump has abused the powers of the Presidency, asserting for himself the authority to initiate hostilities, escalate armed conflict, and commit the United States to acts of war without a declaration of war or authorization from Congress. In doing so, he and his close subordinate and agent Peter B. Hegseth, Secretary of Defense, have substituted their own judgement for the laws of war, the Constitution, and Congress, undermining the separation of powers, imperiling our most fundamental principles of civil-military relations, and tarnishing the good standing and reputation of the United States in the community of nations. Donald J. Trump has repeatedly and intentionally threatened the Nation’s closest neighbors, allies, and friends with invasion, conquest, and annexation by military force, in violation of the constitutionally binding treaty obligations of the United States, and to the extraordinary detriment of national security and foreign relations, and constituting the “supreme international crime” of aggression. By and through his close subordinate and agent Peter B. Hegseth, Secretary of Defense, Donald J. Trump has conducted extrajudicial killings in the Caribbean including the deliberate murder of shipwrecked survivors, an unambiguous illegal order prohibited under all circumstances, including against members of a combatant enemy force. By and through his close subordinate and agent Peter B. Hegseth, Secretary of Defense, Donald J. Trump has executed unlawful and unilateral military actions in the sovereign countries of Iran and Venezuela, usurping Congress’ constitutionally-mandated power to declare war, disregarding statutory and constitutional limits on the use of military force, and reducing civilian control of the United States Armed Forces to the personal whims and preferences of a single individual. He has intentionally provoked international conflict through reckless escalation, threats of military invasion and the authorization of violent actions directed at the sovereign nations of Iran and Venezuela to include the unrestrained use of military action in civilian areas and the kidnapping of leaders in office, ful